Digital Design of a Surgical Simulator for Interventional MR Imaging'

We present the design of a simulator for a prototype interventional magnetic resonance imaging scanner. This MRI scanner is integrated with an operating theater, enabling new techniques in minimally invasive surgery. The simulator is designed with a threefold purpose: (1) to provide a rehearsal apparatus for practicing and modifying conventional procedures for use in the magnetic environment, ( 2 ) to serve as a visualization workstation for procedure planning and previewing as well as a post-operative review, and (3) to form the foundation of a laboratory workbench for the development of new surgical tools and procedures for minimally invasive surgery. The simulator incorporates preoperative data, either MRI or CT exams, as well as data from commercial surgical planning systems. Dynamic control of the simulation and interactive display of preoperative data in lieu of intra-operative data is handled via an opto-electronic tracking system. The resulting system is contributing insights into how best to perform visualization for this new surgical environment. CR